Patient Treatment & Care

1. Can acupuncture help during IVF, and is it safe?

Acupuncture is a traditional Chinese therapeutic technique where very thin needles are gently placed at specific points on the body to support healing and balance energy. Some studies suggest it may help reduce stress, improve blood flow to the ovaries and uterus.

Acupuncture is generally safe when performed by a licensed and experienced practitioner. Side effects are rare, but can include minor bruising, soreness, or feeling light-headed. Many patients find it helpful to have sessions before ovarian stimulation, during stimulation, around egg retrieval, and sometimes near embryo transfer however, acupuncture on or near the abdomen right before or after transfer should only be done with your Fertility Specialist’s approval.

Always let your team know if you’re using acupuncture or any other complementary therapy. This way, they can give guidance that’s tailored to your treatment and help make sure everything fits safely into your IVF plan.

2. What are adjuvant therapies in IVF, and should I use them?

Adjuvant therapies are extra treatments or supplements that may be used alongside standard IVF to support your chances of success. These can include medications, supplements, lifestyle changes, or complementary therapies like acupuncture or mind-body techniques. Some common examples are low-dose aspirin to improve blood flow, blood thinners for certain clotting issues, steroids to reduce immune activity, antioxidants for egg quality, and PRP to support the uterine lining.

Not everyone needs adjuvant therapy. Your Fertility Specialist considers them on a case-by-case basis, looking at your medical history, IVF response, and specific fertility challenges. They will only recommend therapies if there is evidence that they may be helpful for you.

Adjuvant therapies need to be supervised by your Fertility Specialist as some medications or supplements can have side effects or interact with IVF medications. For this reason, it’s very important not to start any supplements, herbs, or alternative therapies on your own without discussing them with your Fertility Specialist as doing so could unintentionally affect your treatment.

3. Are antibiotics safe during IVF treatment?

Yes, many antibiotics are considered safe during IVF and early pregnancy. Sometimes antibiotics are prescribed to prevent or treat infections, for example, after egg retrieval, if you develop signs of infection like fever or pelvic pain, or before certain procedures if you have specific risk factors.

It’s also possible to need antibiotics for unrelated reasons during IVF, such as chest, urinary tract, or skin infections. If this happens, make sure to tell your GP or any other prescribing doctor that you are currently having IVF or planning pregnancy, so they can choose an antibiotic that is safe in this context.

4. Can I donate blood while undergoing IVF treatment?

It’s not recommended to donate blood during your IVF cycle. Your body is already working hard with frequent blood tests and hormone changes, and donating blood could increase fatigue or affect your recovery.

IVF does not make you permanently ineligible to donate blood. You can give blood again once your cycle is complete and you are no longer taking fertility medications. If you become pregnant, it’s best to wait until after delivery and recovery before donating.

5. Can I breastfeed while undergoing IVF treatment?

It’s generally not recommended to actively breastfeed during an IVF stimulation cycle. Breastfeeding can affect your hormone levels, particularly prolactin, which may interfere with how your body responds to fertility medications and egg development.

Most Fertility Specialists recommend fully weaning before starting ovarian stimulation to ensure your natural hormones are at baseline, helping optimise your response to medication and your chances of success.

If you become pregnant after IVF, breastfeeding an older child may sometimes be possible, but this depends on your health, the pregnancy, and your pregnancy care team’s advice. Some Fertility Specialists suggest stopping breastfeeding early in pregnancy to avoid potential uterine contractions and to conserve your energy and nutrition for the new pregnancy.

Having breastfed previously does not reduce your chances of IVF success. Any temporary hormonal effects from recent breastfeeding usually normalise within weeks after weaning.

Additionally, most IVF medications are not considered safe for nursing infants, as they can pass into breast milk. Avoid breastfeeding during stimulation or while taking hormonal treatments unless your Fertility Specialist specifically approves

6. Is constipation common during IVF, and what can I do about it?

Yes, constipation can happen during IVF. Hormonal medications, stress, dietary changes, and reduced activity can all slow bowel movements.

To help prevent or relieve constipation:

· Increase fibre intake: Eat more fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes.

· Stay hydrated: Drink plenty of water throughout the day.

· Gentle exercise: Walking or light stretching can stimulate bowel movements.

· Stool softeners: Some mild, IVF-safe options like Coloxyl or Senna may be recommended by your care team however always check with them before use.

Contact your nursing team or Fertility Specialist promptly if constipation is severe, painful, accompanied by bloating, vomiting, or blood in your stool, as this may indicate a more serious issue.

7. Can I take cold and flu medications during IVF or early pregnancy?

Many cold and flu medicines contain multiple ingredients, and some may not be safe during IVF or early pregnancy. It’s important to choose medications carefully to protect your treatment and developing embryo.

· Decongestants: Medications like pseudoephedrine and phenylephrine are generally not recommended during early pregnancy or IVF unless your Fertility Specialist advises otherwise. Safer alternatives include saline nasal sprays or humidifiers.

· Pain and fever relief: Paracetamol is considered safe. Avoid aspirin, ibuprofen, and other NSAIDs unless prescribed by your Fertility Specialist.

· Cough medicines: Many are safe but always check with your care team before use.

· Combination products: Some contain alcohol or other ingredients that may not be safe. Always read labels and consult your Fertility Specialist.

· Herbal remedies or supplements: Many are not well studied in pregnancy or IVF and could carry unknown risks. Always check with your Fertility Specialist before use.

If you become unwell during IVF, inform your care team immediately. Focus on safe remedies like rest, hydration, saline sprays, and paracetamol. Avoid self-medicating with over-the-counter cold and flu products without medical advice.

8. Is it safe to have dental treatment during IVF?

Yes, routine dental care is generally safe during IVF and can actually help support your overall health. Regular check-ups and cleanings are fine, and it’s a good idea to keep up with them.

Dental X-rays are usually avoided during ovarian stimulation, egg retrieval, and early pregnancy unless absolutely necessary. If your dentist needs to take an X-ray, protective shielding will be used, and it’s important that they know you’re undergoing IVF.

For procedures like fillings, root canals, or extractions, timing matters. Ideally, major dental work should be completed before starting your IVF cycle. During stimulation or after embryo transfer, non-urgent procedures are usually postponed until your pregnancy is confirmed and your Fertility Specialist gives the all clear. If urgent treatment is needed, local anaesthesia is typically safe, but it’s always best to clear this with your Fertility Specialist first.

Any medications your dentist prescribes, such as antibiotics or pain relief, should be coordinated with your Fertility Specialist to make sure they’re safe for you and your cycle.

Above all, make sure your dentist knows you’re undergoing IVF. This helps them avoid unnecessary X-rays, adjust medications if needed, and plan procedures at the safest time for you.

9. Can I exercise during IVF treatment?

Yes! Moderate exercise is generally safe during IVF and can actually be helpful. Activities like walking, swimming, yoga, or stationary cycling can reduce stress, improve circulation, and support your overall health.

It’s best to avoid high-impact or contact sports, or anything that risks abdominal injury or leaves you overly fatigued. Pay attention to your body and take it easier on days when you have procedures like egg retrieval.

After embryo transfer, most doctors recommend sticking to light or moderate exercise and avoiding heavy lifting or vigorous activity for 1–2 weeks. Gentle movement and rest are important to support implantation, while activities with a risk of falls or abdominal trauma should be avoided.

If you become pregnant after IVF, staying active is still beneficial. Walking, swimming, prenatal yoga, and low-impact aerobics are great choices, while high-risk activities, contact sports, or exercises that overheat you or strain your abdomen should be avoided.

Finally, always listen to your body. If you experience symptoms like vaginal bleeding, cramping, dizziness, or contractions, stop exercising immediately and contact your fertility or pregnancy team. They can give you advice tailored to your specific situation

10. Are there foods I should avoid during IVF?

Yes, certain foods can carry risks that might affect your fertility, embryo implantation, or early pregnancy. Avoiding these foods helps create the safest environment for your treatment and future baby.

You should steer clear of raw or undercooked eggs, meat, and fish, like sushi, rare steaks, runny eggs, or raw seafood, because they can carry bacteria such as Salmonella or Listeria. Unpasteurised dairy products and soft cheeses, including brie, camembert, feta, and blue cheese, can also pose a Listeria risk. Deli and processed meats should be heated thoroughly before eating for the same reason.

High-mercury fish should be avoided because mercury can affect foetal brain development. Raw sprouts, like alfalfa, may harbour bacteria such as E. coli or Salmonella. It’s also best to limit caffeine to under 200 mg per day (roughly one cup of

coffee) and avoid alcohol entirely. Always wash fruits and vegetables thoroughly to remove bacteria and pesticides.

Herbal teas and supplements can sometimes be unsafe during IVF or early pregnancy. Herbs like licorice, ginseng, or certain weight loss teas should be avoided unless your Fertility Specialist confirms they’re safe.

Overall, focus on a balanced diet with plenty of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats. Stay hydrated and aim to maintain a healthy weight. This helps support your IVF journey and overall fertility health.

11. Can I take herbal supplements or traditional medicines during IVF?

It’s important to be very cautious with herbal and traditional medicines during IVF. Many of these products haven’t been well studied for safety or effectiveness, and some herbs can interfere with hormone levels, blood clotting, or embryo implantation. Importantly, there is no credible evidence that herbal medicines improve IVF success rates. Some studies show their use may carry risks or could interfere with your treatment. You should discuss any herbal or traditional medicines with your Fertility Specialist before using them during an IVF cycle.

Certain herbs, like ginseng, licorice root, black cohosh, dong quai, and vitex (chasteberry), are considered risky because they may affect your hormone balance, interact with IVF medications, or even increase the risk of miscarriage. Traditional medicines can also be unpredictable, sometimes containing unknown ingredients or contaminants, and quality control can vary depending on the source and preparation.

If you’re thinking about using any herbal supplements for fertility support, always talk openly with your Fertility Specialist first. They can help determine what’s safe for your specific treatment. Well-established supplements, like folic acid and prenatal vitamins, are recommended, but starting any new herbal products without professional advice is not advised.

Disclosing all supplements and traditional medicines to your Fertility Specialist is crucial, as some can affect your medications or hormone levels and potentially reduce your chances of IVF success

12. Can I take hormonal medications that aren’t prescribed by my Fertility Specialist during IVF?

It’s very important not to take any hormonal medications unless they are prescribed and supervised by your Fertility Specialist. Unsupervised hormones can interfere with

your treatment plan, disrupt your body’s hormone balance, and reduce your chances of IVF success.

Hormonal medications from other sources, like over the counter or online supplements, creams, patches, or injections (such as estrogen, progesterone, or testosterone), and even some herbal products with hormone-like effects, can cause unexpected side effects, disrupt ovulation, or negatively interact with your IVF medications.

If you’re considering any additional hormone treatments, always discuss them with your Fertility Specialist first. They can assess whether the treatment is safe, necessary, and properly timed for your cycle.

If you’ve already taken hormones without informing your Fertility Specialist, let them know immediately. Full disclosure allows them to adjust your treatment safely and monitor you closely, helping to protect your health and optimise your chances of success.

13. Is it safe to get a massage during IVF or early pregnancy, and are there any precautions I should take?

Yes, gentle massage is usually safe during IVF and early pregnancy, especially before egg retrieval. It can help reduce stress, ease muscle tension, and improve overall well-being. However, you should avoid deep-tissue or overly vigorous massage, abdominal massage during stimulation or after embryo transfer, and very hot treatments like heated stones or saunas.

During early pregnancy, certain acupressure points should be avoided, and you shouldn’t lie flat on your stomach, instead, side-lying or semi-reclined positions are safest. Always let your massage therapist know about your IVF treatment so they can adjust techniques appropriately.

14. Why is timing so important with IVF medications, and what should I know about taking them?

Timing is crucial with IVF medications because they control your hormone levels to stimulate egg growth, prepare your uterus, and support early pregnancy. Most IVF protocols start early in your menstrual cycle, usually around Day 2 or 3, and your Fertility Specialist and nursing team will give you a detailed schedule tailored to you.

It’s important to follow this schedule very strictly as even small delays or missed doses can affect your hormone balance and the success of your treatment. Some medications need to be taken at specific times of day, so consistency is key. If you ever

miss a dose, experience side effects, or have questions, contact your clinic immediately, and never adjust your medication on your own

15. Can I take pain relief medication during IVF, and what are my options?

Yes, some pain relief medications are safe during IVF and early pregnancy, but it’s important to choose the right ones.

· Paracetamol is generally safe for mild to moderate pain or fever.

· Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen, aspirin, or naproxen are usually avoided, as they can affect implantation and early pregnancy, and should only be used under supervision with your Fertility Specialist.

· Stronger prescription painkillers, like opioids, are generally avoided unless absolutely needed and always under strict medical guidance.

Non-medication options, such as gentle stretching, yoga, heat packs (avoiding direct abdominal heat), meditation, or acupuncture approved by your Fertility Specialist, can also help manage discomfort. If you experience severe or persistent pain, especially after egg collection or embryo transfer, contact your Fertility Specialist or nursing team immediately, as it could indicate complications like ovarian hyperstimulation, infection, or bleeding.

16. Can I take Semaglutide (Ozempic), Tirzepatide (Mounjaro), or other similar medications while trying to conceive or during IVF?

Semaglutide and Tirzepatide are medications often used for type 2 diabetes, PCOS-related insulin resistance, or weight management. They can help with blood sugar control and weight loss, which is sometimes important for fertility.

However, these medications are not recommended while trying to get pregnant or during IVF. There isn’t enough research to know if they’re safe in early pregnancy, and they could potentially affect your baby’s development.

Most doctors recommend stopping these medications at least three months before starting IVF or trying to conceive. This gives your body time to clear the medication and helps reduce any potential risks.

If you’re using them for weight loss, don’t worry, you can work with your Fertility Specialist to plan a safe way to taper off the medication while keeping your health and fertility on track. Your Fertility Specialist can guide you so you feel confident and supported every step of the way.

If you are taking these medications and you require an anaesthetic, there are longer fasting times required. Please make sure you have communicated this with you Fertility Specialis

17. Are hair dyes, skin treatments, and cosmetic procedures safe during IVF or pregnancy?

Most modern hair dyes are considered safe because absorption is very low, but many Fertility Specialists suggest waiting until after the first trimester if you’re pregnant. Natural or ammonia-free dyes and good ventilation are extra precautions.

Gentle facials and microdermabrasion are usually safe, but stronger treatments like chemical peels, lasers, Botox, or dermal fillers are best avoided due to limited safety data. Always check with your Fertility Specialist before starting any new cosmetic treatment

18. Are hair growth or vitamin supplements safe during IVF or pregnancy

Supplements containing vitamins and minerals like biotin, zinc, and folic acid are generally safe in recommended doses. However, some hair growth products or high-dose vitamin supplements may not be studied in pregnancy or could interact with medications.

Always confirm with your Fertility Specialist before starting anything new

19. What should I know about Vitamin A, retinoids, and Accutane during IVF and pregnancy?

Vitamin A is essential for health, but high doses (over 10,000 IU daily) or retinoids (like tretinoin, isotretinoin, or Accutane) can cause serious birth defects. These medications should be stopped at least 3 months before IVF or conception.

Topical retinoids can be absorbed through the skin and also pose risks. If you accidentally use retinoids or Accutane during early pregnancy, inform your Fertility Specialist immediately for proper monitoring and care.

20. Can I swim or take baths during my IVF cycle?

Yes, but there are some important timing and safety considerations:

· Before egg retrieval: Light swimming and short, warm baths are generally safe if you feel comfortable. Avoid strenuous activity if your ovaries feel enlarged or tender.

· After egg retrieval and embryo transfer: Avoid swimming in pools, lakes, oceans, or spas for at least 48 hours after egg retrieval and embryo transfer, or whilst bleeding. Baths and spas can slightly increase infection risk, so showers are preferred during this time.

· Spas or saunas: These are not recommended during IVF or early pregnancy because high heat can raise your core body temperature, which may affect embryo implantation or early pregnancy.

· When can I resume normally: Usually 3–5 days after embryo transfer, once your clinic confirms there’s no risk of infection or complications. Always follow your Fertility Specialist specific instructions

21. Which vaccines are safe and recommended before or during IVF?

It’s a great idea to check your vaccination status before starting IVF, as being up-to-date can protect both you and your future baby. Most inactivated vaccines, like the flu shot, COVID-19 vaccine, and travel vaccines (e.g., Hepatitis A), are safe during IVF and early pregnancy. Live vaccines, such as Rubella (MMR) and Varicella (chickenpox), should not be given during pregnancy or after embryo transfer. If you’re not immune to these, you should vaccinate at least 1 month before starting IVF. Checking immunity and timing vaccines properly helps ensure both your safety and your baby’s.

Vaccine Guide:

Vaccine	Type	Safe during IVF / early pregnancy	Notes
Influenza (Flu)	Inactivated	Yes	Recommended annually
COVID-19	Inactivated	Yes	Recommended
Rubella (MMR)	Live	No	Test immunity; vaccinate & wait ≥4 weeks before IVF
Varicella (Chickenpox)	Live	No	Test immunity; vaccinate & wait ≥4 weeks before IVF
Hepatitis B	Inactivated	Yes	Recommended if not previously immunised or at risk of exposure.
Hepatitis A	Inactivated	Yes	Often needed for travel
Tetanus, Diphtheria, Pertussis	Inactivated	Yes	Often recommended in pregnancy
RSV	Inactivated	Yes	Often recommended in pregnancy

22. Is it safe for me to have an Xray, CT or MRI while undergoing fertility treatment?

If you’re going through an IVF cycle, it’s natural to be extra cautious about anything that might affect your chances of success. The good news is that most imaging tests like Xrays, CT scans, and MRIs, can be performed safely depending on the timing and the area of the body being scanned.

Before embryo transfer or egg retrieval, these scans are generally considered safe because they don’t affect your eggs or the developing embryos outside the body. However, once an embryo has been transferred, doctors usually recommend avoiding unnecessary radiation (like from Xrays or CT scans) until a pregnancy test confirms the result. MRI scans, on the other hand, don’t use radiation and are typically safe at any stage, though your care team might still postpone one if it’s not urgent.

If you need an imaging study during IVF, always let your Fertility Specialist and radiology team know where you are in your cycle and they can coordinate to keep both you and your potential pregnancy as safe as possible.

23. I have vaginal thrush, what treatment options are safe for me while undergoing fertility treatment?

It’s not uncommon to experience vaginal thrush (a yeast infection) during fertility treatment, the hormonal changes, stress, and sometimes medications (like progesterone or antibiotics) can make you more prone to it. The good news is that thrush is very treatable, and most standard options are considered safe during IVF or other fertility treatments.

Safe and commonly recommended options include:

· Topical antifungal treatments such as clotrimazole creams or pessaries. These act locally and are the first choice during fertility treatment because they aren’t absorbed into the bloodstream in significant amounts.

What’s best avoided (unless specifically prescribed):

· Oral antifungal tablets (like fluconazole) are generally not recommended while you’re trying to conceive or in early pregnancy, because there’s limited safety data and a small potential risk to a developing embryo.

· DIY or natural remedies (like tea tree oil or yoghurt) might seem gentle, but they can irritate delicate vaginal tissues especially when you’re already on medications like progesterone pessaries.

Practical tips:

· Let your Fertility Specialist or nurse know, they’ll ensure the treatment you use fits safely with your IVF medications.

· Wear breathable cotton underwear, avoid perfumed soaps, and keep the area dry to help prevent recurrence.

24. Are anti-depressant and anti-anxiety medications safe while undergoing fertility treatment?

Yes, in most cases, they are. Many people safely continue anti-depressants and anti-anxiety medications while undergoing IVF or other fertility treatments. Your mental health matters just as much as your physical health and staying emotionally well can actually help your body cope better with treatment.

Some medications may need adjusting, especially older anti-depressants or certain anti-anxiety drugs, so it’s important to talk with both your Fertility Specialist and prescribing Doctor before making any changes.

What’s most important is not to stop your medication suddenly as that can cause withdrawal symptoms or worsen anxiety or depression. Your Doctors can help you find the safest plan for you and your future pregnancy.

Bottom line: looking after your mental health is part of looking after your fertility and you don’t have to do it alone.